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Item type: Publication , Access status: Metadata only , Ancient mitogenomes of Lapita pigs confirm continuity of the Pacific Clade in Remote Oceania(2025) van Os, Meriam; Allen, Melinda S.; Bedford, Stuart; Hawkins, Stuart; Kahn, Jennifer; Kirch, Patrick; Knapp, Michael; Nunn, Patrick; Sand, Christophe; Spriggs, Matthew; Walter, Richard; Matisoo-Smith, Elizabeth; Greig, Karen; Collins, CatherineThe movement of Lapita peoples into western Remote Oceania ∼ 3000 BP, and subsequent dispersal into Polynesia, is one of the most extensive migration events in human history. While the origins of these settlers and their commensal animals in the west are generally well understood, questions remain about their dispersal into eastern Remote Oceania, and post-settlement interactions. The pig, Sus scrofa, is one of the commensal animals carried across Remote Oceania, and previous genetic studies identified a single lineage, the “Pacific Clade”, linking Pacific pigs to Island and Peninsular Southeast Asia. Here, we present 16 complete mitogenomes (>99 % coverage) and 8 partial mitogenomes (>80 % coverage) from eleven Remote Oceanic archaeological sites, spanning the Lapita period to the historic period. Phylogenetic analyses show a continuous pig population in Remote Oceania from their first introduction ∼ 3000 BP. Furthermore, sustained pig mitochondrial diversity is detected in western Remote Oceania from the Lapita period until today. In comparison, very limited diversity is found in eastern Remote Oceania, suggesting a bottleneck associated with human expansion into East Polynesia. The contrasting genetic signatures between west and east suggest that little to no pig movement occurred between these regions following the initial settlement of Polynesia. Comparison of the newly generated sequences to previously published ancient pig mitogenomes reveals the first ancient Pacific Clade pig in China, extending their range geographically to mainland East Asia, and temporally to 7000–6000 BP. Overall, this study contributes to a more nuanced understanding of Remote Oceania's settlement and pig husbandry.Item type: Publication , Access status: Metadata only , Zero-Shot Customized Video Editing with Diffusion Feature Transfer(Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc., 2025) Chen, Wei; Liu, Huidong; Liu, Yang; Wang, Chien Chih; Li, Moyan; Li, Hongdong; Wang, BryanCustomized video editing aims at substituting the object in a given source video with a target object from reference images (Fig. 1). Existing approaches often rely on fine-tuning pre-trained models by learning the appearance of the objects in the reference images, as well as the temporal information from the source video. These methods are however not scalable as fine-tuning is required for each source video and each object to be customized, incurring computational overhead. More importantly, such individual customization often leads to overfitting to a few given reference images. In this paper, by leveraging the pre-trained Stable Diffusion model, we propose FreeMix, a zero-shot customized video editing approach. From careful empirical analysis of the diffusion features, we observe that the motion information of the moving object in the source video are captured by the low-frequency high-level diffusion features, while high-frequency low-level diffusion features encode more the object's appearance in the reference images. By exploiting this observation, we achieve effective motion transfer from the source video and appearance transfer from reference images to synthesize the output video via simple feature transfer in the diffusion model. To enhance temporal consistency of the synthesized video, we apply optimal transport to low-level diffusion features of consecutive source video frames, establishing feature correspondences to guide video generation. We conduct comprehensive experiments, demonstrating that our approach surpasses both state-of-the-art customized video editing methods that require fine-tuning and general text-based video editing methods.Item type: Publication , Access status: Metadata only , Australia’s changing oceans: building knowledge for actionable outcomes(2026) Sloyan, Bernadette M.; Hemer, Mark; Derkani, Marzieh H.; England, Matthew H.; Franca De Abreu, Claudia; Hague, Ben; Hogg, Andy; Hooper, Madelaine; Huveneers, Charlie; Jones, Nicole L.; Khan, Salman; Leterme, Sophie; Meyer, Amelie; Peña-Molino, Beatriz; Prazeres, Martina; Quigley, Kate; Richet, Oceane; Ribeiro, Natalia; Schaeffer, Amandine; Spillman, Claire M.; Twomey, Alice J.; Van Rooijen, Arnold; Wang, Xiao HuaAustralia’s oceans are vital to the nation’s economy, environment and way of life. Australia’s island geography, surrounded by the Indian, Pacific and Southern Oceans, exposes it to significant ocean-driven environmental influences that shape the country’s climate. The oceans surrounding Australia drive extreme weather events and, together with climate-driven changes, present risks to Australia’s industries, environment and communities. As a marine nation, Australia depends on the oceans for trade, industry and recreation, making it essential to safeguard people, infrastructure and communities from ocean-related hazards. Rising atmospheric CO2 anthropogenic emissions are causing climate change, which is altering ocean temperature, salinity, carbon, currents and waves. Changes in the ocean environment have resulted in sea-level rise, intensified marine heatwaves, shifting species distributions, extreme weather and coastal inundation. These changes create unprecedented social, economic and environmental challenges for coastal communities and ecosystems. These ocean changes exacerbate threats to climate-sensitive agricultural and aquacultural industries, coastal infrastructure, marine and terrestrial ecosystems, marine protected areas and traditional cultural practices. Improved understanding of Australia’s oceans will strengthen knowledge of Australia’s vast marine estate and support robust decision-making, risk management and adaptation strategies through the development of actionable, evidence-based science.Item type: Publication , Access status: Metadata only , The Impact of Depression on Bedtime Procrastination in High School Students in Pandemic era: The Mediating Roles of Conscientiousness and Emotional Stability(2026) Lee, Taeyeop; Cho, Eulah; Ahmed, Oli; Ahn, Junseok; Bang, Young Rong; Chung, Seockhoon; Park, JanghoBackground Bedtime procrastination is a common sleep problem that adolescents encounter. This study aimed to investigate the association between bedtime procrastination and depression in Korean high schoolers, while accounting for possible mediators including viral anxiety, resilience, and personality traits. Method A total of 300 high school students participated in the study. An online survey was conducted from October 18 to 24, 2021. The survey included the Bedtime Procrastination Scale, Patient Health Questionnaire-9 items, Stress and Anxiety to Viral Epidemics-6 items, Connor Davidson Resilience Scale 2-items, and Ten-Item Personality Inventory. Results Bedtime procrastination was positively associated with depression (r = 0.31, p < 0.001) and negatively associated with resilience (r = -0.14, p = 0.020), extraversion (r = -0.14, p = 0.015), conscientiousness (r = -0.33, p < 0.001), and emotional stability (r = -0.30, p < 0.001). Linear regression revealed that higher levels of bedtime procrastination were significantly associated with increased depression (beta = 0.21, p < 0.001) and personality traits such as lower conscientiousness (beta = -0.22, p < 0.001) and lower emotional stability (beta = -0.14, p = 0.022). Mediation analysis showed that depression had a direct effect on bedtime procrastination, and depression had an indirect effect on bedtime procrastination that was partially mediated by conscientiousness or emotional stability. Conclusion In Korean high school students, more bedtime procrastination shows a significant association with higher levels of depression, which is in part mediated by personality traits.Item type: Publication , Access status: Metadata only , The burden and distribution of cystic echinococcosis in Bhutan: A retrospective study(2024-11-01) Tenzin, Chador; Dendup, Tashi; Torgerson, P. R.; Deplazes, Peter; Zangmo, Sonam; Wangmo, Chador; Tsheten, Tsheten; Zangpo, TandinCystic echinococcosis (CE), caused by Echinococcus granulosus s.l. is a neglected zoonosis posing a significant public health challenge. Little is known about human CE in Bhutan. This study was conducted to gain an understanding of the burden, distribution, and potential risk factors of CE in Bhutan. From January 2015 to December 2019 data from Jigme Dorji Wangchuck National Referral Hospital (JDWNRH) and 6 other district-level hospitals were reviewed. Descriptive statistics were used to summarize the data. DALYs and Poisson regression models were used to estimate the burden and explore the relationship between cases and possible risk factors. A total of 159 cases were recorded. Most cases (145) were admitted to the surgical ward and 14 cases were referred to India. The average annual incidence was 4.4 cases per 100 000 population. The burden of disease was estimated to be approximately 39 DALYs per year for treatment-seeking cases, or possibly 80 DALYs per year including non-treatment seeking cases. This translates to approximately to 5.2 DALYs and 10.2 per 100 000 per year respectively. The commonest sites of infection were the liver (78%) and lungs (13%). Most cases were treated with surgery (>82%), and more than 47% were admitted to the hospital for >4 days. Policy interventions targeting community engagement, awareness, education, high risk occupational groups, females, and those living in the endemic districts of the central and western regions may yield larger gains. More studies and the institution of a surveillance system can help better guide policy interventions.